The date weevil is one of the key date pests in Iran, which is inevitable to fight. The winged female beetle is light yellow-green in color and its length reaches 4-6 mm.
The winged individuals and their nymphs suck the sap and vegetable matter of the plant with their proboscis and secrete a sweet and sticky excrement called honeydew on the top and under the leaves.
and as a result, the dates soaked in water overnight benefits fruits fall and what remains is poor quality and thin. It becomes unusable.
Due to the attack of pests, all the upper parts of the tree become sticky, and for this reason, these pests are called sap or asalek kharma in the south of the country.
Observance of the following points is very effective in controlling the palm weevil:
Observance of planting intervals (8 x 8), watering as appropriate and necessary, maintaining the health of the grove (removing weeds and performing five prunings).
The best time to spray against fruitworm is the first time 7-10 days after pollination and the second time 4-5 weeks after the first time.
Preservation and support of all kinds of natural enemies in the groves such as ladybugs, spiders and spiders.
In chemical control, the best time to spray is when there is an average amount of nymphs on one leaf.
The first spraying is one week to ten days after pollination of the date trees and the second spraying is after harvesting the date crop with pesticides such as Diazinon (60% emulsion) at a ratio of 1.5-2 per thousand (40% emulsion) to A concentration of 2 parts per thousand is recommended.
It is recommended to install yellow adhesive cards in the heart of the tree in order to attract and destroy nymphs and complete insects, especially in the second generation when chemical control is not possible due to the ripening of the fruits.
Servants | Date fruit worm:
The adult insect is a gray-white butterfly with silver scales and small brown spots on the body surface. The tentacles are thread-like and the width of the body with open wings is 11-13 and its length is 6-8 mm.
The larva of the pest is yellowish white, slightly smooth and shiny, 10-12 mm long. The pupa is oval in shape and its two ends are elongated, yellow in color and 15 mm long.
Damage is caused by larvae feeding on young and unripe fruits. As a result of the disconnection of the core with the fleshy part of the fruit, the fruit is wrinkled and turns reddish-brown in color and falls on the ground.
Compliance with the following points is very effective in pest control:
Covering the bunches after pollination with special paper, cloth or date fibers and opening it after 30-45 days will cause the adult insect to not be able to lay eggs on the bunch and date fruits and as a result the date fruits will not fall.
and are protected from injury. Collecting and destroying the infected fruits, pruning the petiole and removing the fibers around the trunk (the wintering shelter of larvae) is effective in reducing contamination.
If the amount of pest damage is more than 20%, chemical control against the pest should be done.
Suitable poisons for spraying include diazinon at a ratio of two per thousand and octyl (pyrimiphos methyl) emulsion of 50% at a ratio of two per thousand mixed with water.
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